Uganda covers roughly 241,000 km square, crossed by the equator in the south. Only 165,000 km square, or 68 %, of total land cover is cultivable after accounting for lakes, rivers and uncultivable land due to altitude (over 4,000 m in the east, and south west) and temperature/rainfall (700 mm in the north-east with long and severe dry seasons). The north is characterized by strong wet and dry seasons while the south has fairly equal seasons (BURLEY et al., 1989). The best agriculture conditions are found on the central plateau at about 1,000 m above sea level, especially on the shores of Lake Victoria, which receive annual rainfall of up to 2,000 mm.

Tropical high forest: 9,400 km²
Woodlands: 39,000 km²
According to LANGDALE-BROWN et al. (1964), savanna, woodland and the tropical high forest are the three main forest vegetation types in Uganda. They can be differentiated by altitude/temperature and moisture requirements as well as by the population density of large herbivores.
Savanna, which is composed of scattered trees within grasslands, is characterized by the strong influence of herbivores and fires. Savanna is the most abundant kind of vegetation in Uganda. Fig. 2 shows a forest/savanna mosaic at medium altitudes. Black crowns are evergreen; shaded ones drop their leaves at irregular intervals; unshaded ones are deciduous.
Woodland is defined as open forest with "small or medium sized trees with the crowns more or less touching, the canopy remaining light; the grass stratum sometimes sparse, often mixed with other herbaceous or suffrutescent [.] vegetation" (LANGDALE-BROWN et al., 1964). Woodland may be a climax vegetation or a stage of succession towards forest depending on its environment.
The tropical high forest in Uganda consists mainly of lowland evergreen or semi-deciduous rain forests with a canopy up to 50m and with several storeys of trees. As subtype of this vegetation type, the Cynometra zone at 700-1,200m in the lowest parts of Uganda covers most of Uganda's potential forest zone (HAMILTON, 1984; LANGDALE-BROWN et al., 1964).
Little is known about how these types of tree vegetation are related to each other, how they are influenced by large herbivores, what their climax conditions are and how they are affected by other site factors like soil, changing rodent population, current and former activities of human inhabitants or the size of felling gaps (LANGDALE-BROWN et al., 1964).
PHILIP (1962, HAMILTON, 1984) claimed that all well-drained forests in central Uganda "[.] are growing on land that has been cleared during history for agriculture." This is especially important for the distribution of Maesopsis as it occurs preferably in disturbed forests.

Today forests cover 21 % of Uganda area. This figure reflects a long history of deforestation. From 1970 to 1990 forest cover was reduced by 50 % (FAO, 1995). The actual reduction rate per year is presumed to be 2 % (FRA, 2000). According to a report by BANANA (1999), the tropical high forest covered 12.7 % of Uganda in 1900, today it covers 5 % of the total land area.
gives an idea of the distribution of forest ownership in Uganda. There are 20,000 ha plantations in the forest reserves. However, only 6,000 ha of the 20,000 ha plantations in Forest Reserves are presumed to be well-stocked due to difficult political situations. Moreover, does not consider the unknown number of on-farm plantations, agroforestry systems and private small-scale woodlots.
Only 65 % of the Forest Reserves are covered with forest. But this should not necessarily be interpreted as forest loss, as parts of these reserves were established in the 1920ies on land not covered by forest (HAMILTON, 1984; MWLE, 2000).

Today, Uganda has 22 million inhabitants, with the annual population growth rate estimated to be 2.6 % (SPIEGEL, 2000).
In 2000, the Ugandan gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated to be 310 $/citizen/yr (to put this figure in context: in Germany, GDP is 21,260 $/citizen/yr; in Kenya, the most prosperous state in East Africa, it is 350 $/citizen/yr). The economy of Uganda, with a stable annual growth rate of around 5.5 % in the 1990s is one of most reliable and promising in the whole of Africa (SPIEGEL, 2000). The agriculture sector, including forestry, represents a share of 68 % of the GDP.
Today, Uganda's forests contribute about 6 % to the GDP, and fuelwood provides more than 90 % of household energy consumption (MWLE, 2001).
Important downstream services of the Ugandan tropical high forests like water production and biodiversity conservation are not included in this share of GDP. This forest also indirectly contributes a considerable share to the GDP by providing habitat for fauna like chimpanzee and mountain gorilla, which attract large numbers of tourists.
The growth of the building sector can be utilized as an indicator for an increasing timber demand, since most of the timber harvested in Uganda is used for construction. This sector rose 10 % in 1999 (BANANA, 1999).
Large-scale land-consuming agriculture systems like the cultivation of tea, tobacco and sugar-cane show immense growth. From 1990 to 1995 tea production has grown 100 % annually and tobacco production has risen 12-22 % annually. No information on sugar cane was available (MLWE, 1998).
90 % of Uganda population lives in rural areas, and 80 % of jobs are provided by agriculture. The rural population creates a rising demand for cultivable land for a small-scale subsistence economy, accelerating deforestation. Moreover, there is uncontrolled exploitation of pole-size timber sources by the rural population for building and fuel/charcoal.

Uganda signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol by March 25, 2002 Climate change focal point: Philip Gwage, Department of Meteorology Organisations that run CDM AR projects in Uganda: UWA/Face, ECOTRUST (following the Plan Vivo concept)
As far as I know there is no CDM energy project in the country, but I will find out. In addition, I will ask Philipp next week if there are proposals for CDM projects in Uganda in the pipeline.