Collective Self-Consumption and Energy Communities: Trends and Challenges in the Transposition of the EU Framework

The main aim of this paper is to understand, compare, and assess the emerging regulatory concepts of collective self-consumption and energy communities in EU member states and Switzerland and to provide an overview of issues arising during transposition. Besides a status quo on national level, we discuss major developments in the transposition process that can be observed. This includes in particular concepts related to geographical, administrative, or system-related (e.g. electricity grid level) boundaries, specific grid tariffs for collective self-consumption and renewable energy communities, as well as questions of membership and governance in both types of energy communities.